21 1 Human- Machine Collaboration 2 Responsible AI 3 Video Analytics 4 Social Media Incitement 5 Crypto- currency 6 IoT Devices 7 Drones IoT and connected devices present law enforcement with valuable new sources of data for investigations, beyond the traditional focus on mobile phones. The right tools can help investigators and analysts to understand with whom suspects are communicating, with which gangs or organizations they are affiliated, and which locations they frequent. Authorities can be alerted when suspects enter an area of interest or deviate from their typical routes. However, the growing number of IoT devices also presents a challenge given that they create more attack vectors for criminals to engage in cybercrime. As IoT technology is increasingly used in industrial settings, public utilities and smart city infrastructure, cyber-attacks are becoming a physical threat 15 . Impact: “There is a growing number of cases involving malware-infected IoT devices, which exploit software vulnerabilities or weak authentication settings. These vulnerabilities can be exploited by criminals seeking to collect personal data, compromise user credentials or even spy on people or organizations 14 ” “ Time till mainstream adoption: TODAY IoT and connected devices have reached mainstream adoption in many countries, with an estimated 16.7 billion devices worldwide in 2023, a number expected to pass 29 billion by 2030 16 . IoT devices rely on cellular, Wi-Fi or Bluetooth connectivity, and it is expected that the rollout of 5G networks will speed adoption even further by providing faster and more reliable connectivity. 2023 2030 16.7B 29B Today, gathering and analyzing information from IoT and connected devices is crucial and can help to deepen and enrich intelligence on suspects, especially when suspects use burner phones or employ other tactics to evade detection. Number of IoT Devices Worldwide 6 IoT Devices