Stealth addresses
Stealth addresses are random one-time addresses, created
automatically by the sender’s wallet software for each of his
outgoing transactions. Although the recipient party may publish
just one address, that address never appears on the blockchain.
Instead, funds directed to him in each transaction are sent to
a unique blockchain address, which cannot be traced or linked
to other addresses belonging to him. By that, the sender and
receiver alone can verify where a payment was sent while evading
law enforcement tracking.
Re-use of destination addresses on the blockchain may
compromise user’s anonymity, allowing law enforcement to
connect related transactions. With non-privacy coins, such as
Bitcoin, a common practice to avoid this is to generate new
addresses with every received transaction. However, these
addresses must be published or sent to the sender in some way,
creating privacy concerns. Further, preventing re-use relies on the
behavior of the sender of the receiver - nothing prevents a sender
from using the same address twice. This is error-prone and may
create privacy leaks exploited by law enforcement.
Stealth addresses have become widespread in funding illegal
behavior and for laundering money. Used mainly as part of privacy
coins protocols (see Page 10), they enable bad actors to hide their
real addresses from investigative parties.
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Tracking activity on the blockchain and following
the illicit money trail to an exchange
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Keeping up with financial investigations in the crypto age 8